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What are the Great Points of "BLOCKCHAIN"?

yoshihiro's icon'
  • yoshihiro
  • 2018/06/17 05:05

※本記事は、僕が以前にALISで書いた記事「『ブロックチェーン』って何がそんなにすごいの?」の簡易英訳版です。英語が苦手な方はぜひ日本語版の方を読んでいただきたいです。

※なぜ英語記事を投稿したのかについて、ALISは世界的なメディアとなるのか考察も含めた記事を後で投稿するので、そちらもぜひ読んでください。

   Nice to meet you, I'm yoshihiro, a graduate student in Tokyo. I'm glad to have a great opportunity to write an article on ALIS, the Japan's first social media using blockchain.

   This article is an English edition of my previous Japanese article, 「『ブロックチェーン』って何がそんなにすごいの?」. My English might not be good enough, if you find some mistakes or have questions, please let me know via Twitter. Here is my Twitter account.

   Today, I'd like to write about "BLOCKCHAIN", a innovated technology used in crypto currency. I expect that most of you have heard of it, but you cannot eplain it clearly. So I will explain 3 great points of blockchain briefly. I'd appreciate it if you read this article and clicked the "good" bottun.

CONTENTS
1. Immutability
2. Byzantine Fault Tolerance
3. Removal of Single Point of Failure


1. Immutability

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   The first great point of blockchain is "immutability". The data written on blockcahin cannot be rewritten by anyone else. More precisely, the possibility to rewrite the data would decrease as time passes and approach zero.

   Blockcahin is, as the name suggests, a collection of data blocks which are connected like a chain. Each blocks contain data and they depend on each other along the time axis. Therefore, if you want to rewrite the data in the specific block, you have to rewrite the data on all the blocks which were generated after the target block. This is why the blockcahin has immutability.

   Immutability is one of the strongest points of blockchain and this will be utilized in various fields.

Content image


2. Byzantine Fault Tolerance

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   Typical blockchain doesn't have central manager. It is managed by a lot of nodes (=computers) all over the world. This is called "decentralized management.

   When we want to construct decentralized management, the presence of malicious nodes becomes a very big problem. They try to destroy the systme by sending false information or accessing illeagally. This problem is called "Byzantine fault".

   Blockchain has a strong tolerance against Byzantine fault by using consensus algorithm. Consensus algorithm is a way to build a agreement between nodes. In case of blockchain, selecting which node to creat the new block is the agreement to make.

   The most famous consensus algorithm should be Proof of Work (PoW), which is utilized in Bitcoin's blockchain. In PoW system, a very difficult mathematical problem is set to all the nodes, and the node which find the answer fastest gets the right to create the new block. In the PoW sysytem, even if 1/3 of nodes were malicious nodes, the system would work properly.

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3. Removal of the Single Point of Failure

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   A single point of failure means the critical point which makes whole system down when it break. For example, a circuit breaker in the household electricity distribution systme is the single point of Failure. If the sircuit breaker were broken, you could not use all the electric appilances in the house.

   On the other hand, airplanes normally have 2 engines, which seem to be the single point of failure, but not. Airplanes are designed to continue to fly safely even when one of the engines is broken. In addition, airplane can land safely even if both of 2 engines are broken. By removing the single point of failure, the safety of airplane is much more improved.

   In the blockchain system, there are no central manager and all the node connected have the same functions. Therefore, no nodes can become the single point of failure.

   Even if a big disaster occurred in Tokyo and the functions of Tokyo stopped, the blockchain systme would continue to work normally. This strong point can be utilized to decrease the risk of system down.



   Could you understand how the blockchain technology is great?

   Blockchain is thought to be the first database on the Internet which cannot be rewritten. If the database cannot be rewritten, the trustness appears, and it can be used as a ledger. And this is the birth of Bitcoin and crypto currency.

   The blockchain technology should be applied in various fields, not only the ledger. I'm really looking forward to development of this wonderful technology.

Thank you for reading. yoshihiro

公開日:2018/06/17
獲得ALIS:30.76
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  • yoshihiro
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ブロックチェーン技術をなるべく分かりやすく正確に伝えられる解説記事を書けるよう頑張ってます。

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